Statistical Methods for Categorical and Time-to-Event Outcomes


Methodological Approaches for Categorical and Time-to-Event Outcomes »

1. Estimation of Single-Group Proportions and Confidence Intervals

  • Method 1: Statistical methods for proportion estimation and confidence interval calculation
  • Implementation of 10 validated statistical methods for proportion estimation
2. Calculation of Effect Measures from 2×2 Contingency Tables

  • Statistical methods for analyzing 2×2 contingency table data
  • Estimation of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences with corresponding standard errors and confidence intervals

3. Transformation Between Different Effect Measures
3.1 Conversion Between Odds Ratio and Risk Ratio

  • Scenario 1: Event rate (P) in the non-exposed group is known.
  • Scenario 2: Event rate (P) in the non-exposed group is unknown, but P > 10%.
  • Scenario 3: Event rate (P) in the non-exposed group is unknown, but P < 10%
3.2 Conversion Between Hazard Ratio and Risk Ratio

  • Scenario 1: Follow-up time is short or event rate is low.
  • Scenario 2: Event rate in the control group is known at the end of the follow-up period.
  • Scenario 3: Event rate is unknown, but the rates of both groups are estimated between [0.2, 0.8].
  • Scenario 4: Event rate is unknown, but event rates of both groups are estimated between [w, u].

4. Advanced Statistical Methods
4.1 Calculation of Number Needed to Treat

  • Method 1: Estimation of number needed to treat from various effect measures
  • Method 2: Calculation of confidence intervals for number needed to treat
4.2 E-Value Calculation

  • Method 1: Calculation of E-value for unmeasured confounding assessment
  • Method 2: Estimation of E-value for sensitivity analysis

5. Other Types
5.1 Switch Reference Group

  • If a study reports a relative comparison of A vs. B, while a meta-analysis requires the effect for B vs. A.